Getting a ride through apps like Grab, Gojek, or Uber has become part of daily life in many cities. But one of the biggest challenges for these services is uncertain travel time—traffic jams, road closures, or unpredictable weather can make…
In today’s interconnected world, supply chains are the backbone of global trade—linking suppliers, manufacturers, distributors, retailers, and ultimately, customers. Yet, supply chains are highly vulnerable to disruptions such as transport delays, quality issues, or sudden market shocks. These risks can…
In today’s world, extreme events—such as floods, financial crashes, or sudden climate shifts—are becoming more frequent and impactful. To prepare for them, researchers rely on advanced mathematical tools, including the Generalized Pareto Distribution (GPD), which helps model the probability of…
Rice is the staple food for millions of Indonesians, but its production is often threatened by pests and diseases. One of the most harmful is Tungro disease, which is transmitted by green leafhoppers and can cause significant yield losses. A…